PICTURE OF A ROASTING PAN RECIPES

Steps:

• Measure Dimensions: To determine the pan's dimensions always measure inside edge to inside edge of the pan so that you do not include the thickness of the pan in your measurement.
• Measure Depth: To measure the depth, place your ruler straight up from the bottom of the pan (do not slant the ruler). If the pan edge is slanted, do not slant the ruler, measure straight up.
• Pan Volume: To determine the pan's volume (how much batter it will hold), pour pre-measured water by the cupful until the pan is filled to the brim. Use a liquid measuring cup to pour water into the pan until it reaches the top.
• If the new pan makes the batter shallower than in the original recipe, this will cause the heat to reach the center of the pan more quickly and you will have more evaporation. To solve this problem you need to shorten the baking time and raise the temperature of the oven slightly. To substitute a pan that is shallower than the pan in the recipe, reduce the baking time by 1/4.
• If the new pan makes the batter deeper than in the original recipe, this will cause less evaporation and the batter will take longer to cook. To solve this problem you need to lengthen the baking time and lower the temperature of the oven slightly. To substitute a pan that is deeper than the pan in the recipe, increase the baking time by 1/4.
• The following table will help determine substitutions of pans and dishes of similar approximate size if you do not have the specific sized baking pan, dish, or mold called for in a recipe. To substitute with glass pans, reduce the baking temperature by 25 degrees. ____________________________________________________ 3-cup Baking Dish or Pan: 8" x 1-1/4 round pan ____________________________________________________ 4-cup Baking Dish or Pan: 8" x 1-1/2" round layer cake pan 8" x 4" x 2-1/2" loaf pan 9" x 1-1/2" round pie pan 11" x 1" round tart pan ____________________________________________________ 6-cup Baking dish or Pan: 1 (8") round cake pan 7-1/2" x 3" bundt tube pan 8" x 8" x 2" square pan 8 1/2" x 4-1/2" x 2-1/2" loaf pan 9" x 1-1/2" round layer cake pan 9" x 2" round pie plate (deep dish) 9" x 9" x 1-1/2" rectangular pan 10" x 1-1/2" round pie plate 11" x 7" x 2" rectangular pan ____________________________________________________ 7-cup Baking dish or Pan: 8" x 2" round cake pan 9" x 9" x 2" rectangular pan ____________________________________________________ 8-cup Baking dish or Pan: 8" x 8" x 2" square pan 9" x 2" round cake pan 9" x 5" x 3" loaf pan 9" x 9" x 1-1/2" square pan 9-1/4" x 2-3/4" ring mold 9-1/2" x 3-1/4" brioche pan 11" x 7" x 1-1/2" baking pan ____________________________________________________ 9-cup Baking Dish or Pan: 8" x 3" bundt pan 9" x 3" tube pan ____________________________________________________ 10-cup Baking Dish or Pan: 8" x 2-1/2" springform pan 9" x 9" x 2" square pan 11-3/4" x 7-1/2" x 1 3/4" baking pan 13" x 9" x 2" rectangular pan 15-1/2" x 10-1/2" x 1" jelly-roll pan ____________________________________________________ 11-cup Baking Dish or Pan: 9" x 3" springform pan 10" x 2" round cake pan ____________________________________________________ 12-cup Baking Dish or Pan: 2 (9") round cake pans 9" x 3" angel-cake pan or tube pan 10" x 2-1/2" springform pan 10" x 3-1/2" bundt pan 13" x 9" x 2" metal baking pan 14" x 10-1/2" x 2-1/2" roasting pan ____________________________________________________ 15-cup Baking dish or Pan: 13" x 9" x 2" rectangular pan ____________________________________________________ 16-cup Baking dish or Pan: 9" x 3-1/2" springform pan 10" x 4" fancy tube mold ____________________________________________________ 18-cup Baking dish or Pan: 10" x 4" angel-cake or tube pan

Steps:

• Two to three days before roasting: Begin thawing the turkey in the refrigerator or in a cooler kept at 38 degrees F. 
• Combine the vegetable stock, salt, brown sugar, peppercorns, allspice berries, and candied ginger in a large stockpot over medium-high heat. Stir occasionally to dissolve solids and bring to a boil. Then remove the brine from the heat, cool to room temperature, and refrigerate. 
• The night before or early on the day you'd like to eat: Combine the brine, water and ice in the 5-gallon bucket. Place the thawed turkey (with innards removed) breast side down in brine. If necessary, weigh down the bird to ensure it is fully immersed, cover, and refrigerate or set in cool area for 8 to 16 hours, turning the bird once half way through brining.
• Preheat the oven to 500 degrees F. Remove the bird from brine and rinse inside and out with cold water. Discard the brine. 
• Place the bird on roasting rack inside a half sheet pan and pat dry with paper towels. 
• Combine the apple, onion, cinnamon stick, and 1 cup of water in a microwave safe dish and microwave on high for 5 minutes. Add steeped aromatics to the turkey's cavity along with the rosemary and sage. Tuck the wings underneath the bird and coat the skin liberally with canola oil. 
• Roast the turkey on lowest level of the oven at 500 degrees F for 30 minutes. Insert a probe thermometer into thickest part of the breast and reduce the oven temperature to 350 degrees F. Set the thermometer alarm (if available) to 161 degrees F. A 14 to 16 pound bird should require a total of 2 to 2 1/2 hours of roasting. Let the turkey rest, loosely covered with foil or a large mixing bowl for 15 minutes before carving.